Certified Respiratory Therapist Practice Exam

During an interview, a patient displays confusion about time, place, and person. What could be a likely cause?

1. Severe hypoxia

2. Severe hypercapnia

3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

4. Hypoglycemia

The correct answer is: Severe hypoxia

Severe hypoxia, which refers to a deficiency of oxygen in the tissues, is a likely cause of confusion about time, place, and person. Oxygen is crucial for the brain’s functioning, and inadequate oxygen levels can lead to cognitive impairments, including disorientation and confusion. This can occur acutely, especially in situations where the body is struggling to deliver enough oxygen to the brain due to respiratory insufficiency or other factors. In conditions of hypoxia, the brain may not receive the necessary oxygen required for maintaining normal cognitive function, which can manifest as confusion or altered mental status. This symptom can be particularly pronounced in patients with respiratory conditions where oxygen delivery is compromised. Other factors like severe hypercapnia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and hypoglycemia can also lead to confusion, but the acute nature of severe hypoxia more directly correlates with immediate cognitive disorientation, making it a strong candidate for the cause of the patient's symptoms.